суббота, 19 января 2019 г.

PRESENT SIMPLE


Time line
The simple present expresses an action in the present taking place regularly, never or several times. It is also used for actions that take place one after another and for actions that are set by a timetable or schedule. The simple present also expresses facts in the present.

be

Use:
  • am with the personal pronoun II
  • is with the personal pronouns he, she or it (or with the singular form of nouns)
  • are with the personal pronouns we, you or they (or with the plural form of nouns)
example: I am hungry.
 affirmativenegativequestion
II am.I am not.Am I?
he/she/itHe is.He is not.Is he?
you/we/theyYou are.You are not.Are you?
facts (something is generally known to be true) Level 1

The sun sets in the west.
The sun never sets in the east or south or north, but always in the west.
action in the present taking place once, never or several times Level 1

Colin always plays soccer on Tuesdays.
Colin plays football regularly - every Tuesday.
In English, signal words are often used, e.g.: alwaysneverseldomoftenregularlyevery Monday.
actions in the present taking place one after another Level 2

She takes her bag and leaves.
First one action takes place and then the other.
action set by a time table or schedule Level 2

The train leaves at 9 pm.
Although the action takes place in the future, it takes place regularly and is set by a time table.
verbs expressing states, possession, senses, emotions and mental activityLevel 3

I love her. (i)
When you love someone, that's a state, a fact or emotion, but not an action (like running for example). Whenever you want to express a state, possession, sense or emotions, use the simple form (not the progressive). The following words all belong to this group:
  • be (state)
  • believe (mental activity)
  • belong (possession)
  • hate (feeling and emotion)
  • hear (senses)
  • like (feeling and emotion)
  • love (feeling and emotion)
  • mean (mental activity)
  • prefer (mental activity)
  • remain (state)
  • realize (mental activity)
  • see (senses)
  • seem (feeling and emotion)
  • smell (senses)
  • think (mental activity)
  • understand (mental activity)
  • want (feeling and emotion)
  • wish (feeling and emotion)

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