TO BE

Вспомним глагол TO BE:

https://www.native-english.ru/grammar/verb-to-be
http://blog.englishvoyage.com/glagol-to-be-v-proshedshem-vremeni-2/
 и выполним упражнения, перейдя по ссылке:
 http://englishvoyage.com/exercises/past-simple/

PAST SIMPLE

The PAST SIMPLE  expresses an action in the past taking place once, never, several times. It can also be used for actions taking place one after another or in the middle of another action.

Form of Simple Past

	Positive	Negative	Question
no differences	I spoke.	I did not speak.	Did I speak?

For irregular verbs, use the past form (see list of irregular verbs, 2nd column). For regular verbs, just add “ed”.

Exceptions in Spelling when Adding ‘ed’

Exceptions in spelling when adding ed	Example
after a final e only add d	love – loved
final consonant after a short, stressed vowel or l as final consonant after a vowel is doubled	admit – admitted travel – travelled
final y after a consonant becomes i	hurry – hurried

Use of Simple Past

• action in the past taking place once, never or several times
  Example: He visited his parents every weekend.
• actions in the past taking place one after the other
  Example: He came in, took off his coat and sat down.
• action in the past taking place in the middle of another action
  Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.
• if sentences type II (If I talked, …)
  Example: If I had a lot of money, I would share it with you.

Signal Words of Simple Past

• yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday
• If-Satz Typ II (If I talked, …)

PRESENT SIMPLE

The simple present expresses an action in the present taking place regularly, never or several times. It is also used for actions that take place one after another and for actions that are set by a timetable or schedule. The simple present also expresses facts in the present.

be

Use:

• am with the personal pronoun II
• is with the personal pronouns he, she or it (or with the singular form of nouns)
• are with the personal pronouns we, you or they (or with the plural form of nouns)

example: I am hungry.

	affirmative	negative	question
I	I am.	I am not.	Am I?
he/she/it	He is.	He is not.	Is he?
you/we/they	You are.	You are not.	Are you?

facts (something is generally known to be true) 

The sun sets in the west.

The sun never sets in the east or south or north, but always in the west. Exercise

action in the present taking place once, never or several times 

Colin always plays soccer on Tuesdays.

Colin plays football regularly - every Tuesday. In English, signal words are often used, e.g.: always, never, seldom, often, regularly, every Monday. Exercise

actions in the present taking place one after another 

She takes her bag and leaves.

First one action takes place and then the other. Exercise

action set by a time table or schedule 

The train leaves at 9 pm.

Although the action takes place in the future, it takes place regularly and is set by a time table. Exercise

verbs expressing states, possession, senses, emotions and mental activity

I love her.

When you love someone, that's a state, a fact or emotion, but not an action (like running for example). Whenever you want to express a state, possession, sense or emotions, use the simple form (not the progressive). The following words all belong to this group: be (state) believe (mental activity) belong (possession) hate (feeling and emotion) hear (senses) like (feeling and emotion) love (feeling and emotion) mean (mental activity) prefer (mental activity) remain (state) realize (mental activity) see (senses) seem (feeling and emotion) smell (senses) think (mental activity) understand (mental activity) want (feeling and emotion) wish (feeling and emotion)