Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy , such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants , the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution .
The major forms of pollution are listed below along with the particular contaminant relevant to each of them:
Light pollution :- includes light trespass, over-illumination and astronomical interference.
Littering :- the criminal throwing of inappropriate man-made objects, unremoved, onto public and private properties.
Noise pollution :- which encompasses roadway noise , aircraft noise , industrial noise as well as high-intensity sonar .
Soil contamination occurs when chemicals are released by spill or underground leakage. Among the most significant soil contaminants arehydrocarbons , heavy metals , MTBE ,[9] herbicides , pesticides and chlorinated hydrocarbons .
Radioactive contamination , resulting from 20th century activities in atomic physics , such as nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons research, manufacture and deployment. (See alpha emitters and actinides in the environment .)
Thermal pollution , is a temperature change in natural water bodies caused by human influence, such as use of water as coolant in a power plant.
Visual pollution , which can refer to the presence of overhead power lines , motorway billboards , scarred landforms (as from strip mining ), open storage of trash, municipal solid waste or space debris .
Water pollution , by the discharge of wastewater from commercial and industrial waste (intentionally or through spills) into surface waters ; discharges of untreated domestic sewage , and chemical contaminants, such as chlorine , from treated sewage; release of waste and contaminants into surface runoff flowing to surface waters (including urban runoff and agricultural runoff, which may contain chemical fertilizers and pesticides ); waste disposal and leaching into groundwater ; eutrophication and littering. (from the wikipedia)
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